Monitoring and controlling the offshore oil and gas processes using Research Paper

Monitoring and conquerling the offshore oil and gas processes using ad-hoc tuner interlocking - Research Paper ExampleThe superiority of ad-hoc radiocommunication engagement is attributed to their exploitation of a remote, automated and digitally implemented communication system, which circumvent the inefficiencies of an analogue and manual communication system.Ad-hoc radio set network is specifically suitable for industrial control and monitoring processes, which are characterized by a large scale deployment of a comparatively reduced data as such, its best suited for oil and gas industry for in the control and monitoring of the wide range of products and processes (Jensen et al., 2013). The efficiency of ad-hoc receiving set network also comes in handy in matching an oil and performance gas industry with the growing demand of fossil fuel. Despite, the role of ad-hoc wireless in revitalizing the productivity competence and capacity of oil and gas industry, there is still ro om for improvement particularly in the promotion of the security authenticity of the oil and gas industry ad-hoc wireless network (Ardenas et al, 2011). This call is inspired by the concern against a productivity biased development in oil and gas industry network system, which overlooks security and reliability aspects of the network system. This research explores the advantages and disadvantages of using an ad-hoc wireless system in the monitoring and control of an oil and gas industry. It also indentifies security loopholes, which threatens the safe and true(p) operation of an oil and gas industry.collection and analysis of data from various monitoring and control sensors. This is attributed to their exploitation of the low cost data collector monitoring method. Nevertheless, the exorbitant operating cost for ad-hoc wireless network leverage the cost benefits from a low cost monitoring method. This disadvantage is attributed to the labour intensive manning of an ad-hoc wireless n etwork system, which are comparable with a surveillance system. However, this cost implication is

How does King Louis XIV's History Reflect Through Buildings, Arches, Research Paper

How does ability Louis XIVs History Reflect Through Buildings, Arches, and Statues in Paris - Research Paper ExampleThe changes introduced by King Louis XIV in building were to counterchange the current styles in computer architecture ornate rococo dominated in the bod of market buildings, hospitals and hotels. He adopted the modern floor plans, and a well planned logic was behind all those changes. The exteriors of buildings were peaceful of large, regularly shaped blocks, and the walls of buildings were plain, with no architectural extravagancies. The Royal Academy of Painting and Sculpture was to a fault schematic under his rule, and the king took measures to promote the work of art and architecture (Blunt). The Louvre and the palace of Versailles were the projects that were supervised by the king himself. They were considered to be the most glamorous building, and even today the architecture of Paris is largely delimit by the period of the Sun Kings rule. The king brought t he concept of absolute monarchy in the country, which also reflected in his way of life. In contrast with the aristocratic mindset, he was fond of making portraits and statues of his own and had a great taste for making arches in Paris. The King reconstructed the Louvre in 1663 and created the Apollo Temples, the name of which resonated with the Louis xvis nickname Appollo means the god of sun, and hence his alias the Sun King (Blunt). In spite of all the money that was spent on wars and winning those wars, the art under the rule of Louis flourished like it had neer flourished before. He sponsored many great architects, artists and sculptures and promoted the French Classicism. Classicism was the style in architecture in which much focus was put on logic and the order of patterns. It foc consumptiond more on the right use of colors than on adorning the building with painting (Shennan). The king... The research paper attempts to describe and discuss the history of the King of Fra nce King Louis XIV and explores his huge impact and interest in buildings, arches, and statues in Paris. This paper mentiones Paris as an architectural pearl due to the styles of buildings and statues that were built according to the old styles, such as French baroque that is a style in architecture which was evolved under the reign of Louis XIV and then spread knocked out(p) into all the European countries. Classicism that was also analyzed in the paper has dominated in the design of buildings in Paris and was the preferred style in the seventeenth century. The kings approach to architecture reflected his political clout. The research paper describes how the king recognized the importance of the city as it represented the originator of the king. Artistic productivity was one of the defining characteristics of Louis XIVs reign as he conduct the country to its cultural greatness through the patronage of the architectural development. Before his reign, Rome was considered as the nice capital of Europe, but closer to the end of his rule, Paris had became the European centre of art. When concluding the efforts of King Louis, it should be mentioned that he had to demonstrate his power to other countries, which motivated to develop interest in fostering the establishment of buildings that are still considered to be the greatest achievement of his reign. These glamorous buildings, arches and statues will remain the center of affection in Paris for many centuries to come.

Marketing Strategy Text and Cases Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Marketing Strategy schoolbook and Cases - Essay ExampleThe firms versatility and diversity in terms of leadership and management corroborate increased and maintained its client base to over 60 million users daily. This has been achieved through a leadership style that is characterized by decentralization, free-thinking, and delegation of duties and responsibilities as a culture within the organization (Lowry, 2005). As a multimedia sports entertainment company ESPN has had tremendous headways into profitability by entering into a contract with the matter Football League (NFL). This deal has seen ESPNs TV channels infer a massive followers for screening live NFL games to millions of Americans (Green, Costa & Fitzgerald, 2002). Targeting the youth in their strategies have seen the firm increase its viewership base and blow up the loyalty of its customers for years to come. To keep up with the competition, ESPN has increasingly been paying higher prices to lock up bare-ass major league baseball and pro football rights from their competitors like Comcast (Ferrell, 2012). Competition has had to spend more funds to deliver the same quality of sports entertainment to its customers due to increased competition. This threatens the firms envisaged growth because on-going expenditure leaves little resources to be invested in new projects (Subramani, & Rajagopalan, 2003). ESPN charges the higher fee for its cable services compared to another(prenominal) companies, which has generated a lot of ill give towards the company. ESPN risks losing a lot if its phone project does not gain attention in the market, which will translate to the idea being a white elephant for the firm. Adopting cross-platform strategies including the social media will bolster the firms advertisement field and help it reach audiences (Churchill Jr, & Iacobucci, 2009).

Malham Field Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 9500 words

Malham Field - Lab Report ExampleCommon helminth parasites present include cestodes and trematodes. The rodents served as either intermediate or definitive armament of the parasites. Examination of human faecal for the parasites yielded think parasites in terms of their biology and pathogenesis. Parasites prevalence correlated with rodent sex in addition to the rodent weight or length. Females harboured more parasites than males and a single host could have multiple infections of different endoparasites. In our results common parasites population we found include Graphidium strigosum, Cittotaenia lobata, Passalurus spp. and Taenia pisiformis in rabbit (O. cuniculis and in forest mouse, Heligsomoides spp., Plagiorchis spp, Syphacea and Capillaria spp. rain data for the period coinciding with the collection of the parasite data was also gathered to assess the define of seasonal changes in weather against the parasites population. A comparison of the biology of endoparasites faun a present in the rodents in Malham Tarn and gastrointestinal parasites of humans was also undertaken. DNA root from Cittotaenia lobata (tapeworm) using affinity methods where DNA was allowed to oblige to a membrane and then eluted using appropriate buffer was done. The purity of the recovered DNA was primed(p) by taking absorbance at 260 nm and at 280 nm and comparing the ratio to the known ratio of pure DNA which is 1.8 Table of Contents Summary 2 List of figures 4 List of tables 7 Acknowledgement 8 1.INTRODUCTION 9 1.1.Brief background to site Malham Tarn 9 1.2.Aims/objectives of field course 9 1.3.Summary of host and parasite fauna from Malham via available literature/references common parasites in woodmice, rabbits 9 1.4.Gastrointestinal parasites of humans common parasites in underdeveloped regions possible comparative biology for Malham parasites species 11 1.5.Importance of diagnostic tests in humans and veterinary parasitology, coition importance/usefulness of different approaches e.g. microscopy coprotests, serology, PCR 13 2.MATERIALS AND METHODS 14 2.1.Microscopy 14 2.2.Preparation/staining blood films, thin grunge faeces 14 2.3.Trapping rodents 14 2.4.Dissections 14 2.4.1.Examination and dissection of rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) 14 2.4.2.Examination and dissection of wood mouse (Apodemus sylvaticus) 16 2.5.Parasites entropy Collection 16 2.6.Data Analysis 17 2.7.DNA extraction and concentration, protein evaluation 17 3.RESULTS 18 3.1.Apodemus (wood mouse) parasites levels found in after dissection rabbit 23 3.2.Parasites levels found in wood mouse after dissection 30 3.3.DNA extraction and purity on OD280/260 convert to ug/ml 48 4.DISCUSSION 49 REFERENCE 51 List of figures purpose 1 histogram showing the distribution of Graphidium parasites in rabbit host sampled between 1992 and 2011 in Malham Tarn area 24 throw 2 Prevalence of Graphidium infections from 1992-2011 25 Figure 3 Histogram showing T. pisiformis parasites population from 19 92-2011. Parasites populations was highest in 1999 as can been seen above. 26 Figure 4 Prevalence of Taenia pisiformis population from 1992-2011 at Malham Tarn 27 Figure 5 histogram showing mean Passalurus infections from 1992-2011 27 Figure 6 Line graph showing the prevalence level of Passalurus parasites among rabbit hosts from 1992 to 2011 28 Figure 7 Histogram of the mean Cittotaenia intensity from 1992 to 2011 28 Figure 8 Prevalence of Cittotaenia infections from 1992 to 2011 29 Figure 9 Histogram showing the changes in Trichostrongylus population from 1992 to 2011 29 Figure 10 Graph of the prevalence of Trichostrongylus parasites from 1992 to 2011 30 Figure 11 The graph shows the mean Heligmosomoides parasites found in wood

Paraphrasing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Paraphrasing - Essay ExampleSetting up a fitting democracy is the main challenge for Egypt over the next few years.Tourism has always been a wide boon for the Egyptian economy, so all the political upheaval has had quite a negative effect. Tourists atomic number 18 concerned for their safety and security after watching the latest news on television. Furthermore, many outside(prenominal) countries have warned their citizens not to travel to Egypt because of the high risk of military force. As the number of tourists has been dropping rapidly, tourism minister Hisham Zaazou will have to come up with marketing schemes to get the tourists to come back.In addition, the political action in Egypt has led to a decrease in foreign investment in the country. Before the violence Egypt was welcoming of foreign investment, so the government needs to get back to that image.Egypt has a robust and bewitching social security and welfare system for its citizens. The system is designed to ease those in need, particularly tribe who cannot get trades. Government employers and employees are required to contribute to the national insurance scheme to cover an set up of benefits.Unemployment has skyrocketed over the past few years due to the political changes taking place. The World Bank conclave is doing its best to provide training and support so that development can continue in the job sector.The Zewail City of Science and Technology was finally established after the January 2011 political protests. The project will help train 5,000 promising and talented students. The goal of the project is to bring Egypt into the 21st century by change magnitude productivity and exploring new technologies.In September 2012 an agreement was signed between Egypts ICT sector and a U.S. business delegation to help stimulate economic growth in Egypt. One of the first focuses of the regard was to improve infrastructure at the Cairo International aerodrome in conjunction with the Cairo Airp ort Company.Egypt is very open to foreign investment, although

Training Need Assessment Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Training assume Assessment - Research Paper ExamplePeople stayed in the organization till the completion of their power point program which was funded by the organization. Soon after completion, they switched to some other opportunity. It caused set Park Corporation a huge loss not only in terms of finances paid to the educational institutes besides also by losing the capable and skilled employees who were hired out of many candidates. The organizations had plans for the employees as it wanted to arise for the next five years as well.When the organization started fully funded turn over programs for the employees, it had expectations to win loyalty of the employees as it was investing in them. The organization had confidence in the capabilities of their employees, hence it started this program. It was an explicit expression that organization cares for its employees. But, it failed to catch its expectation to the employees. Employees enjoyed Forest Park Corporation as a platform to pay their education tiptoe and they left after completing their degree. It was like a proof that they do not consider Forest Park Corporation as a platform where they could serve with their enhanced capabilities. In the nutshell, the core paradox was churn out of employees despite development programs and the loss incurred due to development projects.The organization started fully funded study programs for its employees so that they can learn more and play effective role in the growth of the organization. However, it did not work out. The causes of this unexpected scenario are mentioned below.Individual level consideration is vital for assessing the training needs of the employees in Forest Park Corporation. Employee turnover is natural for any organization as employees long for better career. However, for the mint which is investing in the development of employees it is a big loss. It becomes worse particularly when neither it can draw

Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Movie Review ExampleAnderson bizarrely presents this against the framework of an abrupt and histrionically fluctuating realm in Zubrowka.The look at presents intriguing tales that entreats history under the main story, which guarantee that the audience is obstinately entertained. The main character, Ralph Fiennes, presents an light authenticity to a character who bath abruptly change from charming to somewhat despicable at an instance. The mythological caretaker at the capital of Hungary, Monsieur Gustave, is a master in obsequiousness and seduction. This is especially evident in his of age(p) female guests who find his charisma outright tantalizing. Gustave and Zero Mustafas (Tony Revolori) journey to pay tribute a guests commemoration introduce the mysteries in the movie, including the jailbreak and a dizzying ski-and-sled pursuit from a brow cloister.Such antique creations highlight the specialism of Andersons work in terms of inventiveness. The narration spans troika diverg ent areas in a succession of recollections. Remarkably, the film has a colour-set for all these separate scenes that characterize Andersons now-inimitable mark of custom-made, impenitent dedication to underhandedly ordered attractiveness. Most of the characters have an appealing personality that makes the film nerve-wracking and watchable. The step sequence of these characters is that of a specialist. It magnificently creates a courteous, pleasing travesty of Nazi-era concerns. Perceptibly, the The Grand Budapest Hotel was inspired by Stefan Zweig, an Austrian playwright who abandoned Germany during Hitlers term.However, this film confirms that attention to detail can be both valuable and detrimental. While the elaborate production scheme in the film such as cut-away sets portray a well turned-out film, it may lose its characterization, feeling and plot owing to the crowd

Formal Analysis of Gao Jianfu (1879-1951)s Buddhist Pagodas in Burma Essay

Formal Analysis of Gao Jianfu (1879-1951)s Buddhist Pagodas in Burma - Essay ExampleIn 1939, Gao Jianfu was unitary of the Chinese inventionists who founded the Awakening Art Academy. The main purposes of the academy were to produce skilled artists who could document the war crimes in form of paintings, and to host art exhibitions in the southern cities of Macao and Hong Kong (Hung 148). During his time, Jianfu not only spearheaded establishment of national art academies, but also produced iconic paintings of ruined cities and buildings. Succeeding sections of this paper contains formal analysis of two paintings on the theme of ruins and destruction by Jianfu.In one painting on paginate 151 of the chapter The Birth of Ruins, Jianfu uses sign and color on paper to depict a Chinese city in ruins. On page 153 of the same chapter, there is a painting by Jianfu depicting the burning of the Afong Palace. With respect to the painting of a city in ruins, Jianfu work shows the architectur al remains of two adjacent buildings, clustered debris on the flat coat, and white and orange smokes soaring up to the skies. The city in ruins painting contains diagonal lines. Edges of the destroyed walls are diagonally aligned with respect to the ground. In addition, debris and smoke streams are canted with respect to the grounds horizontal and vertical planes (Hung 151). Similarly, the painting of Afong Palace depicts dust, ashes and smoke rising in a tilted manner. In some(prenominal) paintings, Jianfu employed the use of diagonal lines to convey a feeling of instability. Diagonally correspond structures means they are either unstable, or are wobbling from the effect of instability (Whitney 58). By exploitation diagonal lines, Jianfu wanted to concisely represent the destroying effects of Japanese invasion in the city painting, and the deleterious state of the Afong Palace in the second painting.With respect to the formal analysis concepts of shape and form, Jianfu depic ted both paintings in three dimensions. By viewing the city ruins and the Afong Palace painting, one

The Saxophone in Jazz Music Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Saxophone in Jazz Music - research Paper ExampleThe invention of the sax is credited to a Belgian by the name, Antoine-Joseph Sax. Adolphe was born on 6th November 1814 and gained interest in musical interest from his father Charles. Adolphes father was a skipper craftsman of musical official documents. To this end, Adolphe became an expert craftsman of musical instruments when he was just six years old. most of his notable specimens included clarinets and flutes. Moreover, he devoted more time to studying these two instruments at the capital of Belgium Conservatory. As a result, Adolphe noticed that there was a difference in tone between woodwinds and giving medicationes. Evidently, he discovered that woodwinds were being overpowered by the brasses. Moreover, he equally noted tonal differences between the winds and strings whereby the last mentioned was overpowered by the former. Consequently, Sax identified the need to invent a new instrument that achieved some fancy of balance between the strings, brass, and woodwinds. He envisioned a sound that have the brass tone from the proclaim and the woodwind sound from the clarinet. As a result, Adolphe innovatively incorporated the mouth slice from the woodwind and the structural form of the brass instrument. The end product was the saxophone.To this end, the pioneer saxophone was a C bass which Sax displayed to the prominently notable composer, intimidate Berlioz in 1841. Berlioz was mesmerized by the versatility, dynamic have got and unique tone of the saxophone. As a result, in 1842, Adolphe migrated to Paris to publicize his saxophone.... Consequently, Sax identified the need to invent a new instrument that achieved some semblance of balance between the strings, brass and woodwinds. He envisioned a sound that combined the brass tone from the trumpet and the woodwind sound from the clarinet. As a result, Adolphe innovatively incorporated the mouth piece from the woodwind and the structural form o f the brass instrument. The end product was the saxophone. To this end, the pioneer saxophone was a C bass which Sax displayed to the prominently renowned composer, Hector Belioz in 1841(Koenig 295). Belioz was mesmerized by the versatility, dynamic control and unique tone of the saxophone. As a result, in 1842, Adolphe migrated to Paris to publicize his saxophone. At around the selfsame(prenominal) time, an article entitled Journal des Debats was published by Hector Belioz. The article described Adolfs innovative saxophone in depth. Consequently, by 1846 Adolphe Sax was officially recognized as the owner of the saxophone when it was exhibited in public during the Paris Industrial Exhibition. Moreover, in 1844 a concert organized by Hector Belioz and known as the Chante Sacre featured the saxophone for the first time. However, it was the opera of the Last King of Juda that marked the orchestral debut of the saxophone. Apparently, Adolphe proposed a contest between bands. The contes t pitted his army band composed of saxophones against another(prenominal) one that was composed of traditional instruments. Evidently, Adolphes band carried the day and hence proved that saxophones had the capacity to remediate the quality of tone in all the bands. By 1845, the B and E flat saxophones replaced the French horns, oboes and bassoons that were use in French military

Sales and Marketing on Airline Industry Assignment

Sales and market on Airline Industry - Assignment Exampler digitance is highly dependent on the economies of foreign countries and their cerebrate macroeconomic factors, which may trigger a sudden rise and fall of demand. Opportunities Acquisition of new aircrafts in the fleet will lead to an increase in the operational capabilities of the airline and in terms of the anatomy of routes covered. Acquisition of new aircrafts will also lead to an increase in the relative frequency of operations of the escape valve on the multiple routes, that ar currently serviced by the airline It is assumed that with the increase in frequency of flights, passengers will be able to opt for variable timings collect to the increase in number of flights for a particular route. Threats Qatar Airways has been shamed due to the uprising of the Arab Spring and hike in fuel prices. Continued urbane disruptions in the Middle eastmost countries coupled with the hike in fuel prices will collaborate to fo rm a dynamic macroeconomic threat factor for the airline and stub hamper the airlines performance and operational efficiencies in its multiple routes in the short as well as in the long term. The global economic slowdown has impacted Qatar airways and it has decided to postpone the IPO offer for the reputed airlines (Arab News, 2012). This will, to or so extent hamper the sentiments in the global market and may hamper the reputation of the company for a short term period. The slowdown in the economies of the developed countries of the western world may hamper the dinero performance and revenue generation for the state based airline in the years to come. Competition can also rise in the international arena where prominent players like Lufthansa Airlines, British Airways, Emirates and Southwest Airlines are existent strongly in their regional areas PESTLE Analysis Political The...The global economy is spillage through a phase of slowdown since the middle of 2011, thanks to the fea rs arising out of the Euro Zone crisis. As an impact of this slowdown, there has been a significant decline in the amount of profits generated for the current year. Also, there has been a significant amount of slowdown in the amount of air freight movements that has happened over the period of inhabit one year. Also, the civil disturbances happening in connection with the Arab Spring Uprising in the Middle East region is impacting the line of the airways in a negative manner.SocialThe business of Qatar airways may continue to take care a grave danger in the coming days if the continued civil unrest due to the emergence of Arab Spring uprising is not mitigated. Though most of the flights are outward and covers routes for six continents across the globe, but console the social image of the country and the Middle East region is embedded with it. Also, as an upshot of the civil uprising, more severe macroeconomic factors like the hike of oil prices is affecting the business of airl ine industry. Though Qatar airways has a governmental backing and has a stronghold in the market, but still it is going be affected in the long run. Also, due to the continued civil unrest in the Middle East region, morale of the employees working as on board staff of the airways can be severely hit as their families may come in the path of danger and harm caused by the civil uprising.

Health Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Health - Term Paper ExampleThe Dermatology department of our hospital handles uncomplainings with skin problems care dermatitis, pediculosis, scabies, fungal infections, vulgaris and psoriasis including attending to individuals seeking reconstructions of some part of their body for aesthetic purposes. Recently, our most common diseases were malignant malignant melanoma of the skin. Our physician handles this type of skin problem by requesting for a biopsy and histological examination through our science laboratory ease. Apart from this, plastic surgery and debridement as a result of burn is also done in our department where physicians may perform homograft, xenograft or isograft. However, patients have to undergo sensitivity canvas, allergy test and direct examination. Because of the presence of opposite cases of basal and squamous cell carcinomas, keratosis, Bowens diseases and dysplastic nevi, our laboratory also offers other services like electro surgery in the form of curet tage and electrodessication, electro coagulation, cryosurgery and MOHs surgery. With the psychological impact of melanoma surgery, patients are referred to our counseling specialty aggroup to handle the psychosocial aspect of the illness. Cases of all types of cancer are handled in our Oncology department. With the great number of smokers, it is not surprising to have bronchogenic carcinoma as the most prominent case. However, liver, breast cancer, cervical cancers are also trailing behind. Bronchogenic carcinoma is being worked up by assessing first the physical symptoms to include dyspnea, dysphagia, cyanosis and hemoptysis by the physician. If there are suspicious findings, patients are advised to undergo radiological studies like chest of drawers x-ray, bronchography, angiography, brochoscopic and cytotoxic examination offered in our laboratory facility to confirm diagnosis (Billings & Stokes, 1987). Since the goal of therapy is to remove the cancerous area, the patient is ref erred to our surgery special team who will perform the operation needed. Service of our special team is also extended to other patients diagnosed of ulcers, ovarian cysts, endometriosis, myomas and the like. Our gastroenterology department is responsible for patients with gastrointestinal diseases in which ulcerative colitis is the most attended case followed with Crohns disease, diverticulitis, hemorrhoid and peptic ulcer. Ileostomy or proctocolectomy is the approach our physician employs for ulcerative colitis because it does not respond to medical therapy. Problems after surgery includes health maintenance thus our patient are directed to our nutrition special team who focuses on providing diet high in protein and calories to find out healing and growth. Other services offered by our specialty team includes prevention and management of fluid redundancy and deficits like those experienced by patients with nephritis, dehydration, diarrhea and burns. To have a more effective mana gement, our laboratory facility work with them by providing baseline data on the patients BUN, electrolytes and HCT. Although our laboratory has a confine capacity, our x-ray machine was able to reveal changes of fluid status in one of the outpatient who happens to come for a chest x-ray procedure. Patients who present signs and symptoms of lung problems are brought to our pulmonary department. Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is notably on slide by of the list in this area

Ethical Relativism and Rights, Equality and Justice Essay

Ethical Relativism and Rights, Equality and Justice - Essay ExampleThis essay discusses that to Hamas, the appointment is all about responding to an aggressive and oppressive neighbor since it refused to recognize Israel and past Palestinian agreements regarding the mould and settlements thence escalating the existing border tensions since 2006. The Palestinians living in Gaza Strip and West Bank have equal rights to express mail their opinions, practice their religion and access basic human function such as food and gas. Accordingly, the Palestinians moldiness be treated equally with respect and dignity. Israel blockade in Gaza has created a humanitarian crisis since 2007 since all border crossing and naval pathways have been restricted in the territory it controls. Although Israel has claimed the goal of the blockade is to diminish Hamas mental ability of building rockets and mortars, such move has led to the suffering of thousands of Palestinian civilians since it has restri cted access to basic services such as healthcare, food, electricity, gas and construction materials.Israel asserts that the airstrikes and ground incursion into Hamas is a retaliation of the teenage boys abducted by Hamas and perceives Hamas as a threat since it has launched numerous rockets into Israel territory. Hamas claims that Israel has no moral right of self-defense since it has occupied Palestinian land and implemented a blockade that has led to the humanitarian crisis. However, the best action by the fall in States is to call for the end of the current hostilities and conflicts that have claimed lives of innocent civilians.

International business strategy report Vodafone Essay

International origin strategy report Vodafone - Essay instanceVodafone is a British multinational telecom company headquartered in London. The company was formed 1984 named as Recal telecommunication Company which was a subsidiary of Rach Electronics Plc. In 1991 the company was fully demerged from Recal and named as Vodafone Group. According companys disclosed data in 2009 it has a direct market presence in 52 countries with over 302 million of industrious customers. It is the worlds largest telecommunication company in terms of revenue and aid largest in terms of customers behind China Mobile. Identification of strategic issues through abridgmentTo analyse the ongoing strategies that the company has been following, there need to analyse the different area of its business like external environment, infixed resources and internality operations of the company. There are some important tools which need to be analysed with respect to the companys business for analysis of market base values of the companys external business environment. ago key prosperous factor of the company was its global networks. Since the early 1990s, after the demerge form the Recal, Vodafone started international amplification in the European countries. In 1995, it earned 20 % of its total turnover of billion from its international business only. The companys expansion strategy was opportunistic and aggressive and it started acquisition of the leading foreign companies or some stake of those to start operation in different countries including Germany, Spain, Italy, France etc. The current key successful factors of the company are highlight by the companys CEO Vittorio Colaos on his oppugn to Financial Times on November, 2008. The company has emphasised on its shift from expansions growth to consolidation in the existing market. Due to the increased competition in the domestic market of UK, it has taken strategy to spoil the rival companies in UK to stay in leading position. Th e most tangible element of the companys current strategies is improving its bottom line performance i.e. is the local autonomy through effective regional coverage in the existing market. It also has concentrated on the packaged services i.e. fixed and radiocommunication services for individuals as well as for the business customers. It has started development of its stores by collaboration with Softbank. Five forces analysis is the most important tool to analyse the companys external environments. Capital intensiveness of the bare-ass companies, new advanced wireless technology and new regulations of the different government in foreign markets endure been acting as moderate threat of new entrants for the company. Vodafone has emphasised on the internet services for mobile users which is facing a strong threat of its substitute, Wi-Fi services. The company has been facing moderate bargaining power of its supplier due to the influence of distinctive mobile phone producers like App le and Samsung. Google has also integrated its fork up chain which also has an

WAR Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

state of war - Article Examplethis is regarding to the agreement with some astronomic companies that would contribute and help students to manage his work position.students in the universities will get the option to ownership the fraud or to rent it .WARcreates a virtual environment for learning based on simulated examples from unravel curriculum.. The projector is uptaked to display 3D models and alike has a lamp and speakers. The pen type projector consists of photolithography lenses operating in 3D to reflect images and components. WAR itself give the axe be thought of as a unique and innovative opinion incorporating the state-of-the-art technologies of ubiquitous learning, adaptive multiple intelligences, etc. Tangible to intangible The business model of WAR is unique in terms of providing the advantages of a ubiquitous learning environment that facilitates students to learn the concepts of their curriculum in virtual real-time using models that can be projected in 3D. Th e idea of WAR also can be found to be unique in its approach to marketing and business, as it focuses on the creation of value to customer rather than creating a tangible asset for economic profitability. The intangible personality of the innovation makes it a standard frame of reference for delivering service over a network of businesses and academic entities. While the philosophy of service delivery through WAR is akin to the concept of Service-dominant Logic (SDL) (Lusch et al., 2011) which helps managements and marketers to use this frame of reference to deliver intangible service offerings, the efficient utilization of the service still depends on the ability of the consumer or student, manager, teacher, etc.in utilizing the service for profitability through increasingly collaborative processes. Personalized experience Consumers like a shot have more access to information, increasingly network in the globalized world, use internet technologies to become aware(p) of the produ cts and services of different companies and are able to provide feedback. There is an increasing awareness of the rights and responsibilities of both consumers and companies owe to increased communication and collaboration during their interactions. Further, companies always have to engage consumers for sustaining their business and also bringing the consumer- social club interaction under severe scrutiny.This leads to a challenging situation for companies to develop innovative and profitable patterns of collaboration that can help create value for both and a coherent system for value creation that matches the companys supply value chain and consumer demand is to be developed based on a new frame of reference for value creation, called co-creation (Source 1). Co-creation of value is centered on consumer experience, and the design of WAR successfully achieves this value in terms of a small device or pen and a pliable temporary ownership of the device. While the different events dur ing consumer-company interaction create experiences for the consumer in the context of space and time, it is the respective(prenominal) consumers experience that determines meaning of the interaction. This personal involvement and experience is a combination of subjective, objective and relative events and interactions creating personalized experiences, with the individual at the centre and companies having little say over the outcomes (Source 2). WAR has been achieving this goal with its targeting of students in two phases experience and share the program and providing feedback. While co-creating of value is important for a company, it should also be able to deliver profits against this value creation, which is a nonher major consideration for the companies. Delivering Profits Customer-centered marketing does not

Leadership assessmnet Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Leadership assessmnet - Essay ExampleHowever, in many an(prenominal) occasions, the management has failed to achieve these needs, resulting to wretched leadershiphip. Through these poor leadership and relations to workers, organizations have not been suitable to work well towards their set objectives as workers ar reluctant to respond as required by the management. Therefore, there is need for this problem to be eradicated for the realization of better performance and development of the organization.Various leaders have different styles of leadership that would help them to achieve their mandates as per the objectives of the organization. These styles of leadership are always found on the strategies developed by these leaders. Based on the approach these leaders may take for the potency of their leadership style, it may have either positive or negative impact to the workers (Hoffman & Shipper, 2012). For instance, although our Chief executive Officers always have good leadersh ip styles as compared to bad leadership in his management, there are some of the negative impacts of these kinds of leadership styles that affect us negatively. One of the styles that affect us workers negatively is poor response to workers grievances. Within our working premises, workers are required to write an official letter to the Chief executive Officer on issues that affect workers. This move is important for workers because we have the chance of delivering these letters to his office forthwith without following any channel but the manager hardly response to these grievances by claiming to have been in some official duties. In the process, we are unable to solve these grievances, hence, affects us negatively.In order for the organisational activities to run as planned, leaders need to ensure that they create good relations between themselves and the workers. Moreover, they essential also ensure there are good relations among the workers themselves to enhance better coordina tion of the organizational

Introduction to Indigenous Australia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Introduction to Indigenous Australia - Essay ExampleThe indigenous land rights have gain support from article 1 of the International Bill of Rights. This is the right of muckle to control their resources and wealth, self determination and maintain their ways of subsistence (Mugambwa, 2003). The native Australian land rights movement started out of the tint citizenships and civil rights campaigns, starting from 1920s to 1960s. As the communitys control grew in these civil rights organizations, the hold for the return of the stolen Aboriginal land took a pivotal role in 1960s and early 1970. on that point were a number of campaigns that shook the Australian community and led to a variety of major developments in the policy. However, funding dependency and the bureaucratization of the Aboriginal services delayed these campaigns early in the 1980s (Edwards, 2001). Australian Aborigines liberal Association (AAPA) became founded in 1927 by Maynard and Lacey. This was Aboriginal first political party and its formation got stimulated by the reduction in the Aboriginal reserve land, dictatorial practices of Aborigines Board of Protection and a rise in the kidnappings of kids. Maynard declared that the original land owners were the Aboriginal and their rights are above all others. The party has often been regarded as a Christian organization by the Non Aboriginal Australians because of its motto, One God, One Aim, and One Destiny (Lee, 2006). It took close 10 years for success in the campaigns of changing Australian constitution. A referendum became passed in 1967 with more than a 90 percent vote count and became a successful exercise in public reproduction about the Aboriginal, civil rights. The referendum was, however, not about the right to vote, as it became believed, but rather to allow the federal official government to provide services and legislate for the Aboriginal people. The federal government power over the states is thus far a serious issue in the politics of Australia (Edwards, 2001). Meanwhile, a number of the Aboriginal peoples at Yirkalla, in 1963, gave the Federal Parliament a petition complaining the excision of most of their land to one of the archeological site companies. They claimed that the land got to be used by the Yirkalla communities for hunting and gathering since time immemorial. The same resistance was in any case growing in Cape York, a place where the Aurukun and the Mapoon peoples got evicted by the federal government from their land. This was in rewrite to pave the way for aluminum companies. Victoria in 1960 had witnessed a dispute over arranged Lake Tyers closure, nether the assimilation policy (Lee, 2006). Laurie Moffat and Doug Nicholls joined the Lake Tyers elders to fight for the community control over the mission. The Victorian government in 1970 handed the Aboriginal people a freehold title to the reserve. Charles Perkins, In 1965 led students in freedom rides nigh the country, fighting apart heid ways in swimming pools, bars and theatres. In 1966, the people of Gurindji moved off the expand Hill Station over a claim for equal and fair wages from their pastoral go with employer, which later turn into a claim for the return of their ancestral land. The Gurindijis gained support both from the Aboriginal and the non Aboriginal organizations, which contributed to the 1960s equal pay cases. The Gurindji claim became partly met 10 years later when the Labor regimen gave back some parts of their land. The Larrakia claim

Characters In Havisham, Hitcher, and The Laboratory Essay Example for Free

Characters In Havisham, Hitcher, and The science lab EssayWhat similarities or differences are there in the way disturbed or disturbing characters are presented in Havisham, Hitcher, and The Laboratory?Necrophilic fantasies in Duffys Havisham, the impulsive murderer in Armitages Hitcher, the smarter premeditated plot in the Lab, and fin altogethery the darkened angriness of Inversnaid. All of these poems contain elements of disturbed characters or disturbed fantasies, rough flaunt an erratic display of wrath love and hate, and some are more contained and scheming. In all of these poems the disturbed and the disturbing is explored in in the altogether ways and helps us to better understand our own minds and evils. Inversnaid is immediately begun with dark and disturbing imagery darksome tangent this conjures up gory and gothic thoughts before the poem has properly begun. In contrast Hitcher starts in a completely opposite way Id been tired, under the weather the enjambment o n the first line creates suspense, withal the spelling of answer ph atomic number 53 as ansaphone shows the narrators simplicity, also the erratic punctuation gets across his disturbed put forward of being. The fact that he has a hired car could also mean that he is a insecure driver and has caused a road accident.A part in the poem that also suggests that the narrator is barbaric is round the next bend this indicates that he is round the bend showing he is crazy. Inversnaid also gives this touch sensation through the use of enjambment. This gives the poem a rambling feel as though he is just now sp starting random words. A disturbing feeling is also created by broth Of a syndicate sp pitch-black, this phrase sounds almost apocalyptic, this combined with the rambling could almost be seen as though he is address in tongues prophesising some terrible end to the world.In Duffys Havisham, the psychotic issues of the narrator can be seen from the start, as is the case in inversn aid. Green pebbles for eyes this shows the audience that she has lost all emotion and individuality she always had. We know this Havisham is defiantly crazy when Duffy describes her cawing Nooooo at the wall it shows her loss of self-respect and dignity.In contrast, the woman in the Laboratory chooses to hid her self tying thy glass mask tightly she does this in order to hide herself so as to save her self-respect and also to ensure she does not get caught in planning a murder. in time, despite the narrators dignity there is a disturbing element about her for example keep them one half minuet fixed she would fall the fact that she believes that she can stare her victim to death, but most of all because she does not care that the man will still not love her after she has killed Pauline, this proves that she is just doing it out of jealousy as she cannot have him.Carol Ann Duffys Havisham is defiantly the most disturbing poem of all as it addresses all the usually psychotic issues th at the narrators in each of the poems talk about and goes beyond that by describing Havisham necrophilic fantasies. However it is evident that all of these poems are describing a hate that we have all felt at some point, we are not all necessarily necrophilias but we have all hated someone in this way. As for hitcher I believe that this is the same and that Armitage is merely presenting to us a part of ourselves but exemplified in an amplified and literal state.

Reaction Order and Rate Law Essay Example for Free

Reaction Order and Rate Law establishData, Calculations, and QuestionsA. Calculate the initial and final concentrations as needed to complete Tables 1 and 2.Data Table 1 Varying the Concentration of 1.0 M HCl Concentrations Drops Drops Drops Initial Drops Drops Drops Initial Initial Final Final Reaction quantify (sec) Reaction Well HCl Water Na2S2O3 HCl Na2S2O3 HCl Na2S2O3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Avg Rate (sec-1) 1 8 0 12 1 M 0.3 M 0.4 0.18 18.4 16.3 17.35 0.0576 2 8 6 6 1 M 0.15 0.4 0.0045 37.1 37.9 37.5 0.0267 3 8 8 4 1 M 0.1 0.4 0.02 107.2 106.6 106.9 0.0093 B. Calculate the average reply magazine for each reply by adding the times for the two trials and dividing by 2. C. Calculate the reaction commit by taking the inverse of the average reaction time, i.e., 1 divided by the average reaction time.1. Use table 1 to nail down the reaction order for HCl.2. Use table 2 to determine the reaction order for Na2S2O3.Remember, you want to see what happens to the reaction evaluate when you ikon the concentration of one reactant eyepatch the second reactant remains unchanged. In Part 1, we varied the concentration of HCl while we kept the concentration of Na2S2O3 the same. In Part 2 we varied the concentration of Na2S2O3 while keeping the concentration of HCl the same. These areexperimental information and results will be different from some of the nice, even numbers you saw on textbook problems. For example, in this experiment you may double the concentration of a reactant but the reaction rate may accession anywhere from 1.7 times to 2.4 times. This still means an approximate doubling of the reaction rate. On the other hand, if you double a reactant concentration and the reaction rate increases by 0.7 to 1.3 times that probably means that the reaction rate multiplier is one (1).D. Write the rate virtue for the reaction.E. Using the rate law, the rate, and the appropriate concentration(s) from one (or more) of your experiments calculate k.F. What are the potential errors in this experiment?Laura TitusDone in the tableTime average=time trial 1+time trial 2/2HCl reaction is 1.36Na2S2O3 reaction is 0.84Rate law = kHCl1.36Na2S2O30.84Rate law=k0.0241.360.05760.84Rate law= k.03264.048384K=1/.00158K= 632.9?Me not fully sure enough if my numbers are correct or not. Rounding correctly, documenting at right time.

How Effective Are Various Methods in Reducing Recidivism Essay Example for Free

How Effective Are Various Methods in Reducing Recidivism EssayPrison, non-custodial sentences and rehabilitation seem every failed in reducing recidivism however, there is teensy-weensy and limited yard to bridge over non-custodial sentences, as well as many people think if rehabilitation could be implemented effectively, it would consort. Although the advantage of prison house is keeping our federation from dangerous people, when it comes to reducing recidivism consecrate, the effect of prison is disappointing. The public usually think that imprisonment is safer for communities however, it appears power slight to dissuade inmates from committing crime again. In the article, Study shows building prisons did not prevent repeat crimes, Fox Butterfield (2002) cites a big study of recidivism from the Bureau of Justice Statistics, which investigated up to 272,111 former pris unitaryrs in 15 states during the first three old age after being released. It found that 67% of inma tes broke the law again in three geezerhood right after their release in 1994. It is surprised that it does not make any difference to recidivism rate which was studied in 1960s, and it is even 5% higher than the study done in 1983.In addition, it indicated that the more than rearrest records a criminal has, the higher recidivism rate he has. The inmates who choose more than 15 prior arrests sport 82. 1% of recidivism rate. Nevertheless, according to Emily Kinghams article (2006), she believes that prison forces offenders to regret and reflect on their behaviour as for the reason that criminals cannot reject the temptation of committing new crime is because of inadequate provided support. In spite of this, some experts have admitted that prison does not work in terms of reducing recidivism rate (Considering the alternatives 1978 Finckenauer 1988).Some limited evidence has shown that non-custodial sentences may decrease recidivism regardless of some experts being sceptical about their desired achievements. On the one hand, alternative sentences can help government save money and alleviate over-cramped number of criminals in prison (Considering the alternatives 1978). On the other hand, Kingham(2006) points out that alternative sentences do nothing only when return prisoners to their original circumstances, which yield in unawareness of their crimes and the onsequences. One study indicated that through one of alternative sentences, intensive probation, recidivism rate is less than 20% however, the evidence maybe weak as the study has not been completely put into utilise (Considering the alternatives 1978). Furthermore, in the Minnesota, alternative sentences have been successfully adopted to keep criminal rate not increasing, but it may not be convinced because of the source not being confirmed (Considering the alternatives 1978).While some people argue rehabilitation is also failed in reducing recidivism rate, some authors counter that if government coul d support rehabilitation, recidivism rate would decrease. According to the article, Prison, James O. Finckenauer (1988) cites some studies, which shows that even though the government has already provided with total rehabilitation programmes, they cannot achieve reformatory of inmates.On the other hand, this position is contested by Joan Petersilis (cited in Butterfield 2002), a professor of criminology at the University of California at Irvine and an expert on parole, who says that state governments spent such little money on rehabilitation programs that inmates do not receive sufficient help with drug addition, work skill and preparation for a new life, which may lead increasing recidivism rate. Butterfield (2002) further cites the statement by Mr. Travis, who also argues that criminals return to crime.

Scoring a Basket in Basketball Essay Example for Free

grading a Basket in Basketball EssayMy task is to produce a strategy undeniable for scoring a basket in basketball game. I shall investigate the effects of throwing the ball at diametric angles and ascertain the ideal angle for scoring a basket.In addition, I shall investigate what would be the top hat angle for me to throw the basketball rather than just the basketball player as the angle imparting be different as I am much shorter than a basketball player. I will model the motion of the ball as it leaves the hands of the basketball player and falls through the band. I will model the basketball as a particle. Basketball is a ball game where if a free throw is taken a player will try and shoot a hoop from the free-throw line which is 4. 61m from the backboard of the hoop. The centre of the hoop is then 382cm from the backboard.Therefore, the centre of the hoop is 4. 22m from the free-throw line. I am taking the height of the basketball hoop as being 3. 053m. I am taking the height of the basketball player to be 1. 984m. My own height is 1. 6m.

Operant Conditioning Essay Example for Free

operative Conditioning auditionThe term operative conditioning is heard all over the psychology world. It is nonp aril of the first theories that superstar is introduced to during their psychology learning years. So, what exactly is this theory? While learning about operant conditioning we must(prenominal) pay attention to 2 necessities, official and negative backups. These two play a key intention in operant conditioning and ways. But which reinforcement method works better? Positive or negative? There argon a few aspects to look into when determining which method works the best. in cardinal case operant conditioning, positive reinforcement, and negative reinforcement are learned, then it becomes easy for an individual to take the cultivation and shape a behavior. Along with formative behaviors, the creation of a reinforcement schedule whoremaster likewise be applied to the selected behavior.The Theory of Operant ConditioningOperant Conditioning was created by b ehaviorist BF skinner. Operant conditioning occurs through rewards and punishments for behaviors. This creates a link surrounded by a behavior and a consequence for that behavior. Skinner had believed that it was non really necessary to look at internal thoughts and motivation in order to beg off behavior. Instead we should look only at the external observable causes of human behavior (Cherry, 2005). When we have actions that are followed by reinforcement, they will be strengthened and then more plausibly to occur again in the future. However, actions that turn out in punishments or non-desirable consequences will be the opposite. These actions will be weakened and less likely to occur again (Cherry, 2005). An example of operant conditioning would be a young child during derriere training. The young boy would receive a cookie along with praise by rights afterward he goes potty in the toilet but receives nothing when he goes in his diaper. As a result of this, he learns to go in the toilet andavoids going in the diaper.Positive and Negative Reinforcement permit us first begin with what a reinforcement is. A reinforcement is every progeny that strengthens or increases the behavior it follows (Cherry, 2005). Now, there are two types of reinforcements and they are negative reinforcement and positive reinforcement. With positive reinforcement, well- set(p) events or outcomes are presented after the behavior. This is where the behavior is strengthened (Cherry, 2005). This occurs because there is the addition of something new such as praise or an instantaneous reward. An example of this would be little Johnny receiving a dollar right after he cleans his room. On the other hand, with negative reinforcement there is removal of an unfavorable event or outcome after the display of a behavior. This in turn will strengthen the chemical reaction when something that is looked at as unpleasant is removed (Cherry, 2005).An example for this would be the professor o ffering to cancel the try out for workweek two if every matchless turns in their cookery for week one. Now as one can knock against negative reinforcement is different from punishment because in the cases of punishment the behavior decreases. In either one of these cases the behavior of the individual increases. To look at both positive and negative reinforcement, can we decide which one is more favorable or which one will produce a better outcome? It seems as if that would depend on the individual themselves.Not everyone responds or reacts to stimuli in the same way. In an opinion, reaction can be based on personality. For example, a young child could consistently be given the picking of money after cleaning their room on their own and still not do it because it is not favorable to them. However, the same child could jump for the opportunity of not having to attend church if all their homework is turned in the week prior. On an individual level, a household can contain one chi ld that responds to positive reinforcement while the other responds to negative reinforcement.The Scenario and ScheduleThere are two reinforcement schedules, continuous and partial. Continuous reinforcement is reinforcing the behavior every single duration it occurs (Cherry, 2005). With partial reinforcement, responses are only reinforced part of the time (Cherry, 2005). There are four schedules with partialreinforcement, fixed ratio, fixed interval, variable ratio, and variable interval. Fixed ration is reinforcing a behavior after a specific count of responses have occurred. With fixed interval, a behavior is reinforced after a specific period of time has elapsed. Variable ratio involves reinforcing the behavior after an unpredictable number of responses and variable interval is reinforcing the behavior after the unpredictable period of time has elapsed. To better understand these schedules, it would be helpful to apply a selected behavior and first learn how operant conditionin g can be applied.As a single rear of two daughters, ages 14 and 11, learning how to apply operant conditioning to shape their behavior, has been very helpful. It was set up for the children to bring home weekly progress reports after a few incidents of missing assignments. If the progress reports were positive with no missing assignments the children were praised on site and each given a dollar per class. If there were any missing assignments in any of their classes, then the children would not receive any money or praise. This is a positive reinforcement choice. The completion of assignments and grades from the children in school increased in order for them to receive a reward.Now, it is time to choose the reinforcement schedule for the scenario just talked about. It is understood that positive reinforcement was used by giving praise and a reward once the desired assignments and grades were met every week. This would be an example of a continuous reinforcement schedule. The desire d behavior is reinforced every single time that it happens. With the scenario, every week that goes by with good grades and no missing assignments, the children are rewarded with praise and money. This creates a strong association between the behavior and the response (Cherry, 2005).ConclusionOperant conditioning relies on a fairly simple premise actions that are followed by reinforcement will be strengthened and more likely to occur again in the future (Cherry, 2005). This can be good or bad behavior. Good behavior was reinforced with the above scenario. However, if you give into the child that kicks and screams every time he wants a candy bar in the store, you are strengthening that negative behavior. Learning occurs with positive and negative reinforcements being key parts to operant conditioning.Both of these help to increase or decrease the likelihood ofthe desired behavior. Determining which reinforcement is better, depends on the individual at hand and what their personality will respond to better. With the above scenario the children responded better to positive reinforcement and with the reinforcement schedule, the likelihood that no missing assignments and good grades occur, increases. Operant conditioning is used every day and plays a vital role in the world. By learning about the fundamentals of operant conditioning, shaping behaviors can be easier than ever Well, not really but hey, Rome was not built in a day.REFERENCECherry, K. A. (2005). Operant conditioning. Retrieved from http//psychology.about.com/od/behavioralpsychology/a/introopcond.htmCherry, K. A. (2005). Schedules of reinforcement. Retrieved from http//psychology.about.com/od/behavioralpsychology/a/schedules.htm

Effect of Stimulus Uncertainty Essay Example for Free

instal of Stimulus Uncertainty EssayParticipantsThe players of the card sort investigate, were twenty-one psychology students enrolled in psychology 213W. intravenous feeding of the students were male and seventeen of the remaining students were female. Students participated in this experiment to satisfy a course requirement.SettingThe experiment took place in room 337, the data-based psychology lab room in the science make of Queens College, CUNY.MaterialsThe musicians utilise a standard dump of playing cards, which had 52 cards in quad campaigns. Participants used cellular devices with 1 second precision, as time keeping devices and a pencil or black or blue ink pen to record data on a minute of paper. The internet based program VassarStats was used to calculate the T-Tests.Experimental DesignA within-subject counterbalanced experimental design was used for this study (ABBA). In this design, each participant received each condition and served as his or her own contro l. The independent variable in this experiment was the method of sorting condition A was a 2-sort alternative and condition B was a 4 sort alternative. The dependent variable in this experiment was the change in the response time, which was measu reddened in seconds. Response time was the time it took the participant to sort totally cards into corresponding piles, until the last card is on the table and no daylong in the hand of the participant. The Null hypothesis in this study was the differing levels of the independent variable will bring out no change in the dependent variable. The alternative hypothesis was the changes in the independent variable would progeny in changes of the dependent variable.ProcedureThe twenty-one participants divided into conventions of two, because there was an odd number, there was a group of three. When groups were settled into their cubicles, one participant counted the cards, to make sure the deck contained 52 cards. Once the participant destr oyed counting, cards such as joker and informational cards were taken out. The cards were than shuffled, three times, for randomization. in the first place the experiment could start, one student would take on the role as a participant and the other as the time keeper. The time keeper used their cellular device to time all 4 trials. Before the experiment could begin, the students counted the cards, to make sure that there were 52 cards. After counting the cards, a student used the bridge method to shuffle the cards. Each trial began when the time keeper said go For all four trials, the experimenter timed the participant at one time he/she began sorting the cards and stopped the time once the participants hand was no longer retentivity the last card.Trial 1 (A), included the participant holding the deck of cards face down , and he/she must sort the deck of card into 2 piles, one pile being a black suit pile and the other a red suit pile. In between the trials, the experimenter (al so the time keeper) shuffled the cards. Trail 2 (B), again, holding the deck of cards, face down, the participant is asked to sort the cards into 4 piles this time, one for each suit diamonds, clubs, spades, hearts. Once Trial 3 (B) is finished, the cards are shuffled again and handed to the participant. Trial 4(A), is a repeat of trial 1, the participants had to separate the deck of card into 2 groups, by alternative color.For each trial, the participant was timed as to how long it took them to end up the sorting, for each trial. The results were recorded on a piece of paper. Once all four trials were completed the experimenter and the participants switched roles. The social function was repeated for the new participant. After the data was collected, the groups, calculated their means.ResultsSorting by color (M(mean)=48.33 seconds) was importantly high-speed then sorting by suit (M(mean)=66.43 seconds). The results were significant at t(-11.78), with p.0001. run across 1 shows the means of the 2 sort groups and the 4 sort groups. The participants were able to sort the cards in condition A significantly faster than condition B. Therefore, we accept the alternative hypothesis and reject the null hypothesis.FigureFigure SEQ Figure * ARABIC 1 The Y-Axis represents the averages of the groups. The X-axis shows the two types of sorting methods. Group means were lower for the color sort (2 sort), than for the suit sort (4 sort).

The Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) Essay Example for Free

The Family and Medical Leave practice (FMLA) EssayThe Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) of 1993 is a national law to provide employees while off of work for due to medical exam and family reasons. Reasons include the birth or adoption of a child, an employees grave medical condition which prevents the employee from doing his/her job, or attending to the serious medical condition of a child, parent, or spouse. This bring home the bacon is unpaid and requires employees to have been employed with the employer for at least champion year. The employee is permitted to maintain health insurance during the duration of the leave.In the first scenario, the employee, who had worked for the company for two years, took family medical leave because his wife gave birth to premature twins. The employee returned to work a week early, per request. He was permitted to return to his position with his selfsame(prenominal) rate of pay. The employee does non think is fair that he did not rec eive pay during the snip he was on family medical leave. Lastly, the scenario includes that there is a new department manager.The employee rightfully received the leave time because he was employed with the company for at least one year and had a legitimate excuse. He was rightfully given up back his job position and rate of pay as specified in FMLA regulations. The company was right in this case not to pay the employee for the eleven week leave. The only trend for him to receive any sort of pay was if he had any sick or vacation time that could be cashed out. The new manager has nothing to do with this scenario since all FMLA regulations were followed.The Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 (ADEA) places very strict regulations on business regarding the employees and hiring practices for someones age forty and over. Businesses are not allowed to discriminate due to age during the hiring process or withhold raises and promotions of existing employees.Scenario two explai ns that a 68 year-old employee was passed up on a promotion even though his work was above average. The promotion was given to an employee who was younger and who performed average work.This scenario violates the ADEA regulation regarding promotions. The Age Discrimination in Employment Act (1967) clearly explains that businesses cannot limit, segregate, or classify his employees in any way which would deprive or tend to deprive any individual of employment opportunities or otherwise adversely affect his status as an employee, because of such individuals age.The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 also regulates businesses hiring and employment practices regarding individuals with disabilities. No discrimination can occur as a result of a disability unless it places other individuals in an immediate safety threat. Reasonable accommodations must also be met to find out that the employee will be able to perform the job given.The last scenario describes an applier in a wheelchair . The applicant was not hired because the business would have to adjust the height of half of their elevator controls. The business give tongue to that this was beyond reasonable accommodations.The applicants rights were violated in this scenario. Lowering the elevator controls is not unreasonable. The U.S. equalise prospect Commission (2008) explains that reasonable accommodation includes making existing facilities used by employees readily brotherly to and usable by persons with disabilities.ReferencesThe Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967, Pub. L. No. 90-202 The U.S. Equal Opportunity Commission. (2008). Facts about the Americans with Disabilities Act. Retrieved February 18, 2013, from http//www.eeoc.gov/facts/fs-ada.html

The concept and idea of privacy Essay Example for Free

The impression and idea of privacy EssayThe concept and idea of privacy is one which continues to exist in fewer and smaller instances in this generation. The advent of impertinent technologies, of mobile communication, instant messaging and the virtual omnipresence afforded by these said devices has made it easier for individuals to connect and pass along with their friends, families, colleagues, society and the rest of the world through the most effortless of gestures or the simple press of a button.This convenience by way of interaction has brought most to flub and engage in communication with early(a) heap regardless of where they are, and whether or not they are in hearing range of other muckle not directly concerned with the matter being discussed thus blurring the lines of one-on-one boundaries, or pronouncing it non-existent altogether. Technology is increase in its ability to bridge the gaps which separate individuals from each other, but it is also proving th at a significant issue forth of people do not want these gaps bridged. It has ceased to exact surprise and amazement from people when certain individuals indulge in obnoxiously loud conversations, toffee-nosed or otherwise, in a crowded or frequent place and within earshot of everybody else in the near vicinity. Gone are the days of the now ostensibly foreign and obsolescent idea of commuting long distance conversations through and from a tele skirt loge mobile communication has rendered it impractical. Cellphones have become an almost indispensable part of every individual brio in the 21st century, in a generation of displaced people, of individuals always out on the move seek to be all that they can be, mobile communication is a lifeline. Cellphones exist to ensure that certain move of humanity go away thrive by way of social interaction, or it could just be an cost-efficient avenue for conducting business transactions, and similar practical dealings devoid of individua lised sentiments. Whether or not mobile interactions constitute personal or business agenda hitherto, its nagging and growing occurrence in semipublic places nevertheless crosses boundaries of privacy, and oversteps on the right of other people to avail of it. The director of the Center for Mobile communicating Studies at Rutgers University, James Katz, poses the human race of this by saying, if anything characterizes the 21st century, its our inability to restrain ourselves for the benefit of other people, he proceeds to emphasize this concept by saying the jail cell talker thinks his rights go above that of people around him, and the jammer thinks his are the much important rights. The jammer Katz was referring to exists in the person of a cellphone vigilante who invented a device to cut off cellphone communication from cell towers, jamming radio frequencies, and thereby silencing the phone blabber in question. But carrying out loud and obnoxious conversations to the shew of failing to address the personal boundaries of other individuals isnt the precisely threat to peoples privacy that cellphones are wielding, another form of it exists under the seemingly pure and non-threatening platform that is Twitter. Twitter is a program which affords the people using it the virtual intimacy and networking connection of a blog, made efficient and automatic through mobile phones. Twitter has gained significant popularity among its many users, enabling them to postal service packets of current life events, sentiments and similar ego-indulging stream of consciousness centering on the mundane, trivial, and/or pressing issues test through the course and extent of their existence and the everyday grind (Cohen). An article in The New York times negates the seeming harmlessness of the virtual communication platform by covering the story of a computer adviser from Florida who announced suicide late one night by way of driving his car on a bridge on Twitter using hi s cellphone, inciting alarm and panic on much of his quintet hundred plus network of friends. It turns out the computer consultant, Nick Starr didnt pull through with the suicide and was effect the following day camped out in his car near the bridge. Needless to say, the twitter he left field Alright this is it. Parked my car. I wish everyone who ever was nice to me well.See you in the next life. however brief, affected the five hundred some network of friends whose lives and personal distance were disrupted, and perhaps re-arranged because of a reality which only existed in the virtual world. When checked by police, Starr attributed his twitters to loneliness, and not being geographically close to his friends. He underwent therapy and has now moved to San Fransisco to be with most of his friends in real life. Much like the blurring boundaries of what is intended for snobby and public using up, the lines of intimacy between the real is being substituted for the virtual. These aforementioned instances solidifies and affirms the reality which plagues our generation. Content, messages and meanings intended for private consumption are dragged into the open, undiscriminating public sphere, and people are not finding this prevalent privatization of public space disturbing, but instead, accepting it as another reality which needs to be dealt with at one point or another. Few people, the likes of the previously discussed cellphone vigilante whose efforts in undermining the intrusion of privacy, and the need to keep private matters from seeping into the public sphere, are able to commit to opposing it by resorting to extreme measures. Of course, aside from cellphone frequency jamming being illegal, such cant be regarded as ethically and absolutely correct. What is unfortunate person is that despite what has been said, the individuals who put their private lives up for public consumption, and the people who are on the receiving end of having their private spaces o verstepped and intruded upon by the former, are both victims of the seeming evils of new technologies, and its utilization.What needs to be addressed is not only how people make use of such technologies, taking care not to let the overwhelming digital and technological avenues and platforms of social interaction and communication overrun their private lives, or intrude upon that of others, but more importantly, to engage in healthy conversations in the real world. In traditional and good old fashioned human to human conversation whenever the opportunity presents itself without the need for handhelds or digital and electronic devices. Such will result to less misunderstandings, healthier relationships, public and private spaces being left as they are and humanity, at last affirmed and preserved.Works CitedCell Yell Thanks for (Not) Sharing. 22 November 2001. Taub, Eric A. The New York Times. 20 December 2007. Devices give Silence of Cellphones, Illegally. 4 November 2007. Richt el, Matt. The New York Times. 20 December 2007. The Global Sympathetic Audience. 4 November 2007. Cohen, Noam. The New York Times. 20 December 2007.

Rizal in Dapitan Essay Example for Free

Rizal in Dapitan EssayA Simple and Prolific smell of Rizal in DapitanSimple yet prolific is the best word that can describe the life of Rizal in Dapitan. It is simple in a way that he lives like an ordinary people and prolific because when he was there, his time was not wasted and made a skunk of contribution not only to the lay out but as well to the people.In the first part of his exile, he lived in a commandants house but after winning the second prize in the Manila Lottery and as well from his savings being a merchant and farmer, he bought a land in Talisay. In this place, he built three houses made of bamboo, wood and also nipa with different shapes. The first house served as his home, the second house is for his students and lastly, the third house is for his chickens.Even though Rizal is in Dapitan, he continued to order a letter to Ferdinand Blumentritt that described his life in Dapitan. The letter says that Rizal is waking up early in the morning to feed his chic kens and cook for their breakfast. After eating their breakfast, Rizal treats those patients who come to his house and also those in towns. In the afternoon, after being a doctor in the morning, he transformed into teacher to teach the vernal boys in their town. These young boys do not have any tuition fee, but there is mavin condition, they have to work, especially in the farm, together with Rizal. And Rizal ended the day in reading and writing.After 4 years, he left Dapitan but Rizals presence remains there because he has a lot of contribution and also some projects that until now are running. One of his contributions is the good waterworks system he constructed in the province. As you can remember Rizal studied surveying when he was in Ateneo Municipal. Rizal also has a lot of contributions to the agricultural development, in his multi hectare land he planted crops and fruit-bearing trees together with his students. He also introduced the moderne methods and machineries in far ming and also in fishing to many of our Dapitenos.By these many reasons, we cant deny that Rizal was truly loved by all Dapitenos. As you can see, when Rizal left Dapitan, all of his students, their parents and also ordinary people together with a band said their lastgoodbyes.

Cybercrime in Indonesia Essay Example for Free

Cyber aversion in Indonesia EssayEven if Indonesia has non ratified or signed the Convention on Cybercrime yet, officially Indonesia has implemented almost all cyber crime supply set forth in the Convention. These provisions are set out in some(prenominal) fine artistryificeicles in virtue No. 11 Year 2008 on Information and electronic Transaction. The seven provisions, among others evil link to child pornography, illegal get to, illegal interception, data interference, form interference, misuse of devices, and computer related forgery. The provisions of computer-related fraud and attempt and aiding or abetting are no longer regulated under this Act collect consideration has been accommodated by the existing provisions in the Penal Code. Likewise, some offenses related to infringements of copyright and related rights are deemed to gravel been sufficiently set forth in the fair play on Intellectual dimension Rights.In addition to the above provisions, the Law No.11 /2008 is the merely cybercrime statute in Indonesia, which also includes provisions on e-commerce and e-signature referring to the UNCITRAL musical model Law and the EU Directives on such subjects. This is by virtue of the awareness of regulator or so inevitable legal convergence of telecommunications, media, and informatics. By means of the principle of neutrality and efficiency, this product of law leave be able to encompass the three specialties.Moreover, hacking, according to BATAN is defined as infiltrating or erupting activities into an electronic system without rights, which usually aim to misuse or damage the system. Identical definition of hacking is also proposed by David S. contend which is deliberate unauthorized access to spaces over which rights of ownership or access have already been established. Therefore, hacking throw out be incorporated into illegal access provisions. In the Article 30, there are three paragraphs that attire illegal access, inter alia 1. S etiap Orang dengan sengaja dan tanpa hak atau melawan hukum mengakses Komputer dan/atau Sistem Elektronik milik Orang lain dengan cara apa pun. It means both person intentionally and without right or culpable access to computers and/or electronic system belongs to any other person in any way.2. Setiap Orang dengan sengaja dan tanpa hak atau melawan hukum mengakses Komputer dan/atau Sistem Elektronik dengan cara apa pun dengan tujuan untuk memperoleh Informasi Elektronik dan/atau Dokumen Elektronik. It means any person intentionally and without right or unlawful access to computers and/or electronic system in any way aim at obtaining electronic selective teaching and/or document. 3. Setiap Orang dengan sengaja dan tanpa hak atau melawan hukum mengakses Komputer dan/atau Sistem Elektronik dengan cara apa pun dengan melanggar, menerobos, melampaui, atau menjebol sistem pengamanan. It means any person intentionally and without right or unlawful access to computers and/or electronic system in any way by infiltrating, trespassing, surpassing, and breaking with a security system.The first offenses are to be punished with imprisonment up to 6 years either with or without an administrative fine of up to IDR 600 million. Meanwhile the second offenses are to be sentenced by imprisonment up to 7 years either with or without an administrative fine of utmost IDR 700 million. The latter(prenominal) is to be sanctioned by imprisonment up to 8 years either with or without an administrative fine of up to IDR 800 million. During the past four years since enactment, a myriad of hacking incidents have taken correct in Indonesia. However, only two cases were successfully expressed and processed in speak to. The first case is a case of hacking (defacing) the Election Committee website in 2004 by Dani Firman. While the second case is a corresponding case against the website of one Indonesias largest party, Golkar, by Iqra Syafaat. In fact, according to data from the Associat ion of Indonesian Internet serving Provider (APJII), in 2003, it has recorded 2267 cases of network incidents and in 2004 there were 1103 such cases. It can be cerebrate that the cases which fails to trial far less.Furthermore, another concern is phishing, defined as the pursuit of personal financial information that is subsequently used to defraud the victim and relies upon the recipients inability to distinguish a bastard email from a real one. Hence, it should be categorized into computer related forgery provision. Article 35 states Setiap Orang dengan sengaja dan tanpa hak atau melawan hukum melakukan manipulasi, penciptaan, perubahan, penghilangan, pengrusakan Informasi Elektronik dan/atau Dokumen Elektronik dengan tujuan agar Informasi Elektronik dan/atau Dokumen Elektronik tersebut dianggap seolah-olah data yang otentik. It implies any person intentionally and without right or unlawful manipulate, create, delete, alter, or suppress any electronic document and/or informatio n with the intent that it be considered as if it were authentic. Accordingly, this breach is to be sentenced up to 12 years in prison and a maximum fine of IDR dozen million. Unfortunately, there is no case hitherto which is brought to court proceeding.Finally, rare incidents of cybercrime exposed and processed in court trial as the aforementioned are caused by several factors, inter-alia the lack of awareness among users, the absence of single identity number, the reluctance of victims to report, the limitedness of infrastructure or equipment and devices in the field of IT, and also the lack of law en blackjackment officers who have expertise in the field of IT. 1 . Indonesia Law Number 11/2008 about Information and Electronic Transaction, entry into force on April 21,2008 2 . See (n 1) art 27 and art 9 in Convention on Cybercrime, Council of Europe, entry into force on July 1, 2004 3 . See (n 1) art 30 and art 2 in Convention on Cybercrime, Council of Europe, entry into force on July 1, 2004 4 . See (n 1) art 31 and art 3 in Convention on Cybercrime, Council of Europe, entry into force on July 1, 2004 5 . See (n 1) art 32 and art 4 in Convention on Cybercrime, Council of Europe, entry into force on July 1, 2004 6 . See (n 1) art 33 and art 5 in Convention on Cybercrime, Council of Europe, entry into force on July 1, 2004 7 . See (n 1) art 34 and art 6 in Convention on Cybercrime, Council of Europe, entry into force on July 1, 2004 8 . See (n 1) art 35 and art 7 in Convention on Cybercrime, Council of Europe, entry into force on July 1, 2004 9 . art 8 in Convention on Cybercrime, Council of Europe, entry into force on July 1, 2004 10 . (n 9) art 11 11 . (n 9) art 10 12 . Indonesia has several Laws on IPR such as Law No.12/1997 about Copyright, Law No.29/2000 about Vegetal Variety Protection, Law No.30/2000 about Trade Secrecy, Law No.31/2000 about Industrial Design, Law No.32/2000 about Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits, Law No.14/2001 about Pa tent, and Law No.15/2001 about Trademark 13 . See UNCITRAL Mode Law on E-commerce onhttp//www.uncitral.org/pdf/english/texts/electcom/05-89450_Ebook.pdf and UNCITRAL Mode Law on E-signature http//www.uncitral.org/uncitral/uncitral_texts/electronic_commerce/2001Model_signatures.html accessed September 28, 2012 14 . (n 1) interpretation 15 . BATAN is an Indonesian government institution which constitutes one of consulting agents of ICT, http//www.batan.go.id/sjk/uuite.html accessed September 29, 2012 16 . Wall, David S, Cybercrime The Transformation of Crime in the Information Age, (Polity Press 2008) 53 17 . (n 1)

Overview Of Krump Dancing Drama Essay

Overview Of Krump Dancing Drama EssayKrumping is an urban graphics form, reflecting the African American expressive culture and the street culture. The regional location and its history of strength has propelled the path into the mainstream. Born in 1990s from the slumps of Los Angeles, it blends atoms of ghostlike and physical energy. Krumping is an emerging social movementment that is quite fresh on the dancing scene, exploding with positive energy it comes from a torn world of poverty and oppression. As a spi ritual artifice form it encompasses core elements of its history and religion through its advocateful movements and sounds. Through its spiritu tout ensembley Krump transforms its African American dance form to a communal public art form date incorporating its street culture through its music as a creative out allow for the hardships of urban life. Each element in Krump excretes pure energy in a unique way that releases the pent up foiling of all(prenominal) perfo rmer, from its highly ener stay putic movements, expressiveness and the physical toll on the performers body, the art form has yet to wee its peak.The history of Krump and its spiritual energy originates from the hard streets of South Central Los Angeles, California, but can also be traced back to its African tribal culture. Born amongst the 1965 Watts riots, a large-scale riot which lasted 6 days in protest to the American Civil Rights Act leaving the African American community a aspect of in comelyice and despair, and the 1992 Rodney King riots, were the acquittal of LAPD cancelledicers in the trial of the beating of Rodney King sparked a further 6 days crime spree, the dance created an escape for the early days. Being brought up in a community upheaved by of violence and oppression blighted by racism, go forth the youths pursuing a sense of belonging and nurturance from thither distressed families of substance abuse and violence. Turning to gangs for a sense of compassion, t he ongoing harassment and recruitment of gangs left a sense of pass overelessness, were within a dance movement emerge, from the dissatisfaction of their daily struggles, classified as an urban hip-hop variation, Krump like Capoeira started as a way for trouble youths to express themselves, and escape their gang alter lives. Krump dancers would form structured and organised crews or families, a tight-knit group of individuals whose loyalties and commitment extends beyond dance. These dance rhythms of fellow Krumpers provide the support and stability many in their community dont receive from their own families at home. Thus through their oppressed urban culture a sub-culture of Krumping immerged, providing an alternative to the gang life style.Seen as an aggressive competitive dance due to its release of the performers personal anger, hiding beneath the rebellious exterior, lays a religious imagery of enslavement calling out for protest. There is a spirit in the thick of krump-ne ss. There is a spirit theremost people think, theyre just a bunch of rowdy, ghetto, non-Jew thugs. No, what we are is oppressed. (Julie Malnig, 2009) Krumping at its roots are connected by its history but also at its core there are traces of the African tribal culture, Dancers would perform in a circle, as a way for them to assert their wholeness. The circle is an arena of a warrior, the ring shout of slave times, in which slaves would move in a round circle while stomping and clapping.The circle of the dance is a permissive circle it protects and permits. At certain times on certain days, men and women come together at a given place, and there, under the solemn eye of the tribe, fling themselves into a evidently unorganized pantomime, which is in earth extremely systematic, in which by various meansshakes of the head, bending of the spinal column, throwing of the whole body backward -may be deciphered as in an open book the huge effort of a community to eject itself, to libera te itself, to explain itself. There are no limitsinside the circle. Frantz Fanon (1961)But also a spiritual ritual flake, competition and artistry build a world within and the circle contains elements of a spiritual energy, a holy dance and religious trances. Even as their paths in lives may seem fray and unbind Dancers accomplishments in krumping gain them street credibility, earning respect and absorption from a life of violence. Further more(prenominal) embodied with fighting and spiritual aspect krumping provides sanctuary of the urban city, a state of mind with no boundaries, lines or limitations, just a sense of freedom.Rize follows the practitioners of krumping from its origins at childrens clown parties to the popular dance form that has reached mainstream audiences. LaChapelle never explores krumping beyond its inner-city setting, enforcing the krumping as an authentic art form in the city of Los Angeles in direct opposition of the materialistic, commercialism of mainstre am. runner with Tommy the Clown, an American dancer and the inventor of clowning style, it quickly spread and evolved in to dance-battles serving as an alternative to gangs. Tommys performances developed loyal followers, growing throughout Los Angeles. Taking it upon himself he used this opportunity to give the youth a chance by being a model living positive at all times. As dancers got older the style continued to morph into even more outrageous styles. The abrasive character of Krump makes it difficult to locate its sacred connotations the spiritual energy brewing within its movements often convey sexuality, violence and suffering, but within the circle of Krumping this is the only way of making ourselves feel like we belong. (Julie Malnig, 2009)During these moments of belonging, the dancers become a contest of physical and spiritual energy, revealing their spirit and raw emotion that Krump demands. The energy and vigor of Krumping in a spiritual sense exorcises the demons and co njure spirits, but thought Krumping look wild and out of concord to the unaware, it is actually self-governing and defies claims that youths are inherently violent and disruptive. The music in Krumping is danced to hardcore, beat-heavy hip-hop tracks, sometimes with no vocals. These amorphous circles and repetitive rhythmic loops entrances dancers to a spiritual state. During Rize a dancer falls under a trance which then she loses spiritual control and consciousness, collapsing into the work ups of a fellow Krumper, when she is asked what has happened, she answers, I dont know I just let go. (Rize, 2005) The circle of spiritual energy is also used as organised improve and cathartic release, Krumpers channel their anger into a positive form, making Krumping more than a dance art form its a coping mechanism that reveals this sub-culture to be something another than youths engaging in criminal behaviours and mentalities.Derived from whang and Breaking, Krumping fires up people with its energetic enthusiasm of its postful emotional expressiveness in certain Krump movements, it may embody elements joyful and painful emotions in which can help the performer in alleviating anxiety and depression while also sharing emotions artistically. The movement exhibits an electric body shock which moulds and distortions in the body of the head, arms, face, legs and pelvis. Krump is intended as an outlet for anger or to release pent-up energy, the dance movements reflect this type of physical release, both males and females display combinations of movements similar to a blend of street fighting, moshing, spiritual possession and aerobic striptease. It is described as a volatile, warrior-like, spastic and quaking dance that involves the vigorous banding of the spine, the thrusting and popping of the chest. While the overall sort of Krumping may look violent with battles between dancers a central component, Krumpers hit each other to get energised to dance in the radical ex pressive and explosive ways the dance is known for. The Physical readiness is used as an outlet for frustration this passionate dance is adapted to each performers unique style, with the take of intensity differing by the emotions felt in that moment, giving the dance its own personality.When performing these actions I discover the energy involve, initially it was about the visual actions of throwing, tossing, grabbing smashing, breaking and slashing but the more I performed these movements the more I noticed the actions that require a lot of energy, momentum and physical power to execute. In power moves, the dancers relies more on upper body strength and is usually on his or her slide bys during moves. An arm swing entails the arm to be tense up as they tighten into a stiff plank, and the hand is crunched into a fist. The basic arm swing motion, the arm tended to rise and fall into the body, the movement is rhythmic with each swing. There is lift upwards and outwards where the swing is grasping for contact, each swing is flung with a grueling and fierce force, while tearing at the arms socket. As the arm falls it loosens and bends, contracting into the body. The turn over and arms in each one of these movements begin a chain reaction that spreads through the body, resulting in being covered with a cloak of pure powerful energy. Wavelike movements in the torso, arms and hips are descendent from the African origin. Theres a sense of being, and a connection to your body but also a sense of power and strength. Each movement is skilfully controlled to the beat of the music. Form the Arm swing to the power moves the movements in Krump give you a sense of being untouchable while being empowering.Krumpers face off one-on-one and try to out-Krump one another, this fusion of sport, dancing and fightingWith a semblance of physical combat and African tribal culture in their dance movements, Krumping allows dancers to pop their limbs, gyrate their torsos and stomp t heir feet to hip hop music (Rize, 2005) The pace and intensity of the music is so frantic that it suggests a kind of spiritual possession, dancers seemingly and often are instructed to lose control, this loss of control has been lyrically manifested allowing the dancers to slip out of their constraints and boxes and just let go. After losing control in the beats, they recognise that there are both limits and no limits within the circle. This recipe of their true self runs on their remaining energy before passing out.The Krumping dance style makes hard-core claims to the importance of its regional location and history of violence as a major propellant of the style. phantasmal EnergyReligionSoundPhysical EnergyMovementJournal (in body experience)Expression monetary value

MNCs in China: Recruitment and Selection Practices

MNCs in china enlisting and pickax PracticesResearch Proposal The area of Recruitment and Selection Practices of MNCs in ChinaAs an increasing weigh of organizations enter the global business bena, the number and completion of business representatives crossing international b line of battles has surged dramatically (Graf, 2004). It is, thus, imperative for multinational corporations (MNCs) to commit, select, arrest and retain employees who weed remain and head for the hills effectively outside of their own national borders (Caligiuri, 2000). Simultaneously, accompanied by the increase of local employees, these MNCs experience begun to recruit qualified members from local labour market in their host-countries. In China, owing to these MNCs competitive wages and salutary work condition, the enlisting often attracts some(prenominal) mountains attention. However, Chinas historical development, political structure and culture, international traffic influence its econom y and foreign trade. Also, Chinas special infrastructure and energy structure, legal vomit upwork pose a challenge to business. Therefore, virtually standardized enlisting and plectron methods developed in home country pick up to be special according to Chinese situation. In that case, the study of recruitment and cream practices of MNCs in China, actually, illustrates how to develop IHRM practices under conditions of high cultural and institutional distance between partners.LITERATURE REVIEW zero(prenominal)adays, a number of studies construct examined the degree to which auxiliary HRM practices resemble those of host country organizations, an indication of transfer of practices from the MNC p arnt company to overseas units (e.g. Lu Bjorkman, 1997 Wang, 2002 Dana, 2005). These body lookes have identified a concatenation of host country, MNC home country, MNC, and subsidiary factors associated with the pattern of HRM in overseas units. However, these literatures speak to a greater extent to describe the continuity and change between home- host-country in strategic level and analyze the different patterns of HRM in foreign subsidiaries than to concentrate on one land of HRM practices in a specific and systematic way and the means of transfer. Additionally, the limited empirical work that has been carried out on the dish outes of HRM transfer has typically adopted an MNC control and coordination perspective to describe and explain how HRM is diff designd across borders, often revealing the practise of multiple mechanisms both direct and unobtrusive in nature (Myloni Mirza, 2004). In depth case studies, on the other hand, have typically focused on a spaciouser range of mechanisms or HRM practices, simply have typically concentrated only on cultural or military unit relations explanations behind their usage (e.g. Martin and Beaumont, 1999 Ferner et al, 2005).In light of the above discussion, my study get out focus on recruitment and choice p ractices of MNCs in China by dint of which detailed practices ar transferred to foreign subsidiaries. The goals of this look into are 1) to describe these recruitment and excerpt practices how to make in their Chinas subsidiaries in a specific and systematic way, especially concentrate on their recruitment and pickax methods in practical, 2), to analyze the means and influences of transfer these recruitment and weft practices to Chinas HRM and 3) to find out why thither are systematic differences found in the use of integrating mechanisms for different recruitment selection practices.As Gary (2006) said that on that point was basically no enterprise-level human imaginativeness focal point in China between 1949 and the 1990s. Until now, in terms of selection and recruitment process, Chinese enterprises do not have systematic policies as complicated as those of MNCs. When MNCs import the selection and recruitment process from their parent company, actually, they besides i ntroduce the advanced selection and recruitment concept to China. However, they have to pursue recruitment rules in line with the local legislations. Therefore, studies on the manipulation and transfer of recruitment and selection practices in MNCs leave alone come to further recognise the pertinence of the individual HRM practices and the HR function. Furthermore, it is signifi toilettet and practical to study the MNCs recruitment methods in China, which stinkpot help us to have a further controling to the IHRM and the development of the HRM in China. This study seeks to fill the gap by evaluating the MNCs recruitment and selection practices in China and provide a in the altogether perspective to Chinese local enterprises in how to introduce these practices and manipulate them. From it we can know in what aspects the MNCs recruitment and selection practices are more rational and scientific than Chinese local enterprises.RESEARCH QUESTIONSThe answer of the paper is to go stead y and empirically examine the multinational corporations how to manipulate recruitment and selection practices in China. For the subroutine of this paper I present followed apparent movements in order to exhibit a panorama of MNCs recruitment and selection status quo in China.The first question is Who do they want? Large multinational corporations, along with interior(prenominal) Chinese companies, are finding that acquiring talented employees is more than ever, one of their greatest challenges in China. Strangely, China has long been known as a largest source of labor. Why these MNCs still feel the shortage of employees? What mixture of the great unwashed do these MNCs want? Do they have some common characteristics? Do they have some different requests when they recruit people in China and from their parent country? Therefore, the first step is to repair the job and the person firstly, namely, how to determine a job vacancy in these MNCs? How many steps to determine it? All of these relevant questions will be addressed in this part. It will portray an explicit scene to readers about(predicate) the preliminary phase demand of MNCs recruitment in China.The second question is How do they attract the people they want? As Iles and Salaman (1995) said, the actual channels or vehicles used to attract candidatesseem to influence whether the regenerate kind of applicants are encouraged to apply, and to persist in their application. Organisaitons can choose from a wide mannequin of methods, including the use of informal personal contacts, formal personal contacts, notice boards, advertising, and outside(a) assistance. Which methods are the or so frequent and useful? How to choose the methods? Is it relevant to the level of the vacancy and its importance inside the organization?The third question is How do they identify them? The legs described above constitute recruitment, and are primarily concerned with generating a competent pool of applicants. The fo cus now shifts to selection, and the net stages concentrate on assessing the suitability of candidates. There is no denying construction that various selection techniques are available, and a selection procedure will often involve the use of more than one. The close popular techniques will be outlined in my paper, and their validity, effectiveness and cost similarly will be discussed in Chinas context. Are they still useful? Are they need to be modified when introduce them to China?The last question is How do they know they have got it right? The final stage of the recruitment and selection process concerns measurement of its success, both softly and quantitatively. ACAS guidelines suggest that any recruitment and selection system should be based on three fundamental principles effectiveness, efficiency and fairness (ACAS, 1983). Furthermore, we should not give that ethical issues arise concerning the treatment of people during recruitment and selection which always make the r ecruitment and selection be more complexity. Therefore, what methods could have been used to monitor the effectiveness of the recruitment campaign? And what could be through with(p) to integrate national and regional recruitment?RESEARCH DESIGNResearch ApproachTo avoid summary paralysis, it is historic that the business analyst not delve into too much detail too aboriginal in a project. It is more fundamental to understand the forest than worrying about each and both tree. Of key importance is not to fall into the black hole of technical detail and exception (Yin, 2003). Yet, as discussed by Whetten (1989), two different nestlees may be taken, or combined. In the first, the inquiryer works inside an explicit a priori framework. Therefore, a theoretical framework becomes a look intoers first cut at do some explicit theoretical statements (Miles Huberman, 1994). This approach is known as deduction. In the second, the questioner tries not to be constrained by prior theory and instead sees the development of relevant theory, propositions, and concepts as a intent of the project. This approach is generally known as induction. However, it is often the case that much research starts with testing a stipulation theory or literature bust also seeks to generate virgin insights into these coronateics possibly by investigating this in different contexts and therefore, this research is iterative in its approach to theory. It adopts a flexible approach by seeking to use the literature but extend this to different research settings to generate new insights in order to modify, adapt or qualify the existing theory on the field of study.In that case, in this research both approaches will be combined since the main intent is to study a relatively un-researched topic -from the practical manipulating perspective to study the MNCs recruitment and selection practices in the background of China, within the bounds of an already well-established research program (theor y of recruitment and selection practices in MNC). Hence, I choose not to ignore previous work in the field. I intend to develop a conceptual pose built on over ten years of research that is a conceptual advance on the literature. The model of the participation context within which MNCs in China operated is comprised of at least four sets of issues. These issues will be then used to develop the initial coding scheme for the qualitative analysis of info. However, given that this study is aimed at theory building, not theory testing, the theoretical framework and conceptual model will be used solely as a guide. It help make sense of what occurred in the field, ensured that important issues will not be overlooked, provided a set of provisional constructs to be investigated, and guided my interpretation and focus. resultant analysis iterations can then delve into the exception situations and details. This use of the theory accords with Klein Myers (2001) recommendation that the empi rical research needs to be guided by (or at least informed by) one or more hearty theories.Research InquiryAfter this initial review of the research questions and research approach, the research research most appropriate to the problem would be descriptive and searching. Descriptive research, also known as statistical research, describes data and characteristics about the population or phenomenon being studied. Descriptive research answers the questions who, what, where, when and how (Kotler et al., 2006). The object of descriptive research is to portray an accurate profile of persons, events and situations. Exactly, the first step of my research is to establish an explicit profile of these MNCs how to manipulate the recruitment and selection practices in China. beta research, which also will be used in my sermon is a flake of research conducted because a problem has not been clearly defined (Kerlinger, 1986). Exploratory research helps determine the best research design, data collection method and selection of subjects. Given its fundamental nature, exploratory research often concludes that a perceived problem does not actually exist. The results of exploratory research are not usually useful for decision-making by themselves, but they can provide significant insight into a given situation (Kotler et al., 2006). In my dissertation, I will focus on through clearing about the MNCs manipulation practices on recruitment and selection in China exploring new insight to this topic.When framing descriptive questions in research we must clarify our unit of analysis. It is the major entity that is being analyzed in the study. It is the what or whom that is being studied (Earl, 2005). The unit of analysis in my dissertation is group, the MNCs subsidiaries in China.Research DesignExploratory research often relies on secondary research such as reviewing available literature and/or data, or qualitative approaches such as informal discussions with consumers, employee s, management or competitors, and more formal approaches through in-depth interviews, focus groups, projective methods, case studies or pilot studies (Kotler et al., 2006). And the descriptive research describes characteristics of a population on phenomenon and tries to understand the nature of the problem. Therefore, the secondary research and value are the main research design. Secondary data, which is historical data mainly include previously collected, census of population and literature survey. And the survey design is most frequently associated with deductive strategy because it is often based on testing a theory. As Saunders et al (2007) line of reasoning that surveys allow for the collection of a large amount of data from a sizable population. The survey data also allows a lot of control over the data and makes generalizations by using sampling procedures instead than surveying the entire population. The type of survey is cross-sectional studies (also known as cross-secti onal analysis), which form a class of research methods that involve observation of some subset of a population of items all at the like time, in which, groups can be compared at different sections with respect of independent variables (William, 2006).Research SiteThe type of organization that I would study is the subsidiary of MNC in China, especially the top 500 companies. Compared to other companies, these top 500 companies always have a good reputation at their mature, systematic and advanced management techniques. These companies almost spread all over the economic sector in China and produce important influences to Chinese economy and society. Furthermore, owing to these top 500 MNCs more competitive salary and good work condition, their recruitment often attracts many peoples attention. Most of these companies are concentrated on Chinese big cities, such as Shanghai and capital of Red China. The theoretical sampling is the sampling way I will choose. The goal of theoretical s ampling is not the same as with the probabilistic sampling the researchers goal is not the representative bewitch of all possible variations, but to gain a deeper understanding of analysed cases and facilitate the development of analytic frameand conceptsused in their research (Charles, 1994).RESEARCH METHODSThere are mainly two research methods would be used in my dissertation. The first is the review of current relevant articles focusing on recruitment and selection practices in MNCs. It will help me to build the main theory framework of the dissertation. This method is often the most feasible one, particularly for students or others with restricted time and resources, and can legitimately be used provided its limitations are clearly understood and stated. Furthermore, it also has the bigger and more representative sample in related field. I will screen papers by recruitment and selection and by numerous variants of keywords, focusing specifically on China, MNC, assessment center , and work sampling etc.. Source papers will be chose just from refereed research studies, surveys and empirical reports conducted by companies official website, local offices of international HR consulting firms, and articles from professional journals and news sources.The second research method is the survey, which is the most important source of supplementary material to the dissertation. That is, based on the theory framework, the results of survey can be a supplement to these theories and provide practices examples to them. These surveys covered five areas, including the recruitment and selection process, the recruitment methods, the selection methods, the recruitment and selection principles, and other archival documents will also be collected. Furthermore, it also can provide some new insight to the dissertation through the open-ended interviews. Here, personal interviews, telephone surveys, harness surveys, and computer direct interviews will be conducted. In-depth survey, based on semi-structured questionnaires and open-ended interviews with general managers, HR directors, and employees in HR Department will be carried out over a period of two months. Now, there are a lot of take to task groups on the internet through QQ (the most popular chat software in China) and MSN. Once you join these HR professional chat groups, you can know hundreds of people who are engaged in the work related HR and get the contact way of them, most of time is email address. Through these chat groups I have known a lot of people who are working in different subsidiaries of MNCs in China. Some of them are employee in HR department, but some of them even are the HR directors in these company. Furthermore, some of my pre-classmates and friends are working in MNCs, they also can help me to finish the surveys.Therefore, I intend to distribute approx 400 questionnaires through email and at least 20 interviews through face-to-face, computer, or telephone to achievefrom June throu gh August of 2008 in Beijing and Shanghai. Compared to the telephone interview, face-to-face interview, and computer direct interview, email surveys are both actually economical and very fast. It allows the respondent to answer at their leisure, rather than at the often inconvenient moment they are contacted for a phone or personal interview. For this reason, they are not meeted as intrusive as other kinds of interviews. However, many people dislike unsolicited email even more than unsolicited regular mail. (Selwyn and Robson,1998). Furthermore, in order to get more detail data, face-to-face interview is necessary. Longer interviews are sometimes tolerated. Particularly with in-home interviews that have been arranged in advance. People may be willing to talk longer face-to-face than to individual on the phone. Considered some inconvenient factors, telephone interview and computer direct interview also can be a supplementary method.METHODOLOGICAL CONSIDERTATIONSThe empirical parad igm holds assumptions based on the supposition that an external world of objects exist, that the assumptions can be measured independently of one another, that these objects are lawfully interrelated, and that the relationships are intercede by a real force in objects that is called causation (Cook, 1983). In order to determine causal relationships in a test environment, generalizability is of utmost importance (Runkel and McGrath, 1972). Yet if I wish to generalize my findings, sphere and variance must be emphasized generalizability. One solution to this problem is to perform a greater number of observations, which has a dual effect first, it increases the sample population, which heightens generalizability second, precision can be reasonably hold because the random errors between observations will average out. However, no matter how carefully these three forms of generalizability are applied, there is no absolute guarantee that the results obtained in a study will occur in every situation outside the study (Firestone, 1993).Reliability refers to the degree of consistency with which instances are assigned to the same sept by different observers or by the same observer on different occasions. As mentioned in above, through studying MNCs recruitment and selection practices in China, I hope it could be a good reference to Chinese local enterprise when they introduce and use these recruitment and selection methods. Therefore, I should consider more related environmental and social factors in a big background. Furthermore, in order to prove the reliability of study, all of the respondents I will choose are those who are working in subsidiaries of MNCs in China.Generally, in qualitative research measurement validity is considered to be high because the researcher is close to the research setting and is responsible for data collection. Therefore, in qualitative research validity always relates to whether there is a good match between researchers observations and the theoretical ideas they develop (Bryman, 2001) On the one hand, I choose to use the literature review to build the basic framework of the dissertation, which can make sure I can get the most reliable, extensive and completed data. On the other hand, questionnaires and interviews can help me to get new insight and practical examples to this topic. Furthermore, there are a lot of conventional approaches to enhance the validity of qualitative data. Generally, theoretical sampling which I intend to use in this dissertation can be viewed as a technique of data triangulation using independent pieces of information to get a better good deal on something that is only partially known or understood (Charles, 1994). Also, the Refutability Principle which I will obey stresses that we must avoid the temptation to jump easily into conclusions just because there is some evidence that seems to go through in an interesting direction. Instead, we must subject the evidence to every possible tes t.Compared to other practices, recruitment and selection are always assumed to have high compatibility between countries because they are characterized by the technical ingredients prone to various positions (cf. Anderson, 1992 Watson, 1994). 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